Polyacrylamide is mainly used as drilling fluid in drilling
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a water-soluble polymer. The molecular formula (CH2CHCONH2) r is insoluble in most organic solvents. It has good flocculation and can reduce the friction resistance between liquids. According to ionic characteristics, it can be divided into four types: non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric.
Technical indicators
|
Type |
Appearance |
Solid Content ,% |
Molecular weight ,Million |
Hydrolysis degree,% |
Dissolution time |
|
Anionic |
White Granule |
≥90 |
3-25 |
Low/Medium /High |
≤60min |
|
Cationic |
White Granule |
≥90 |
6-15 |
Low/Medium /High |
≤60min |
|
Non-ionic |
White Granule |
≥90 |
10-12 |
1%-2%，3%-5% |
≤60min |
Cation degree (low: 5% - 20%, medium: 20% - 40%, high:>40%)
Polyacrylamide is mainly used as drilling fluid in drilling and can play the following roles:
1. Polyacrylamide has strong flocculation, which can flocculate the mud and rock cuttings in the drilling process to form a larger flocculating mass for cleaning the bottom of the well
2. Polyacrylamide not only has strong flocculation, but also has good viscosity and rheology. It can lubricate the bit and drill pipe, reduce friction, reduce resistance, improve drilling speed and reduce drilling cost during drilling
3. Polyacrylamide can protect the sol particles in the drilling fluid, prevent the filtrate from entering the formation, causing the clay water to swell, and prevent the well wall collapse through multi-point adsorption, gel protection, and gel plugging
4. In the process of drilling, due to the geological structure, the drilling fluid will leak out, and polyacrylamide can be used to plug the cracks and loose rock formations
The most common application of polyacrylamide involves using the polymer as a flocculant to aid in water treatment, such as in settling out suspended solids, and in oil production to increase the amount of oil that can be extracted from geological reservoirs. Polyacrylamide is also used as a soil conditioner on farms and in gardens, and as a suspending or viscosity-increasing agent in many manufacturing processes. It is also used to dewater sludge from sewage treatment, and as a soil softener to reduce water erosion on farmland. Polyacrylamide is also used in medical research for the preparation of "artificial gels" for cell culture studies. Polyacrylamide is used in an array of biochemical and biotechnology laboratory procedures, including gel electrophoresis, reverse-phase chromatography, and immunoassays, enabling separation and purification of biomolecules. Polyacrylamide has also been used in the extraction of proteins from biological samples.